What motivated the Europeans' explorations? What were they looking for?
Compare the European-African encounters with the European-Indian encounters. Compare the vehicles for these descriptionsan official chronicle, a scholarly essay, a personal memoir. What is "right" or "wrong" in their estimation about the capture and sale of Africans?. How do the authors interpret the slave trade as a human, political, or economic institution?. The 1743 map of West Africa should be studied for its illustrations as well as its geographic interpretation of the slave trade. Note the variety of tone and implied commentary in these selections, all written years before the first African slaves arrived in the present-day United States. A Spanish priest and economist in Mexico in the mid 1500s, Mercado condemned the slave trade for its human and political consequences, dehumanizing the Africans as well as the Europeans who competed to capture them. In his memoir he blandly describes the capture of five hundred Africans "for traffick of the West Indies," in contrast to Azurara's emotive account of the same experience two centuries earlier. An English sailor in the 1560s, Hortop joined the African expeditions of Sir John Hawkins, the first Englishman to join the Atlantic slave trade. These two excerpts describe the capture and "division" of Africans, including "the first to be taken by Christians in their own land." A Portuguese chronicler and archivist, Azurara compiled accounts of the earliest Portuguese voyages along the coast of West Africa in the 1400s (where he lived himself for a year). Here we read three documents of the early slave trade that you will find reminiscent of the exploration narratives in this section. (The last nation in the western hemisphere to abolish slavery was Brazil in 1888). It remained a critical and brutal element of the Spanish and English economies in North America for over four centuries. As the Native Americans enslaved by the Spanish died by the thousands from overwork and disease, more Africans were captured and shipped to replace them. In 1517 the first slaves sent directly from Africa arrived to do forced labor on the Spanish plantations and mines in the Caribbean islands. The date we recognize for the arrival of the first enslaved Africans in Virginia is 1619, but the first recorded arrival in North America occurred 117 years earlier in 1502 when Juan de Córdoba sent several of his black slaves from Spain to Hispaniola. But the marvels give way to matter-of-fact accounts of slave trafficking (Hortop) and tracts on the immorality of slavery (Mercado). A English sailor is awed by the Africans' skill in capturing the "sea-horses" (hippos) that surround their ships. A Portuguese seaman describes the "marvellous sight" of captives gathered on the African shore and recounts how other Africans "marvelled at the sight" of their ship. In addition, the accounts of African exploration and slave captures reflect the same encounter with the new and strange. And, of course, the result of the west African explorations was the transport of hundreds of thousands of Africans to North America over four centuries. We include the Atlantic slave trade here since its beginnings in the 1400s were as much part of the European breakout into the Atlantic Ocean as were the first voyages to North America. Map (zoomable) : West Africa, 1743 ( Guinea propia) Spanish: A priest's condemnation of the slave trade, 1587 1450 (PDF)Įnglish: A sailor's account of slave trafficking, 1567 *** it.Portuguese: Accounts of the capture of west Africans, ca. 
One of the most unfriendly Swahili set books ever. I wan't to buy this book and read the short stories once more. We would go to the Principal's compound and pull out his Matharu which we would turn into Kachumbari for the tasteless Highschool Githeri. They Inspired us to form a similar group in High School (Which of course is more like Jail). Then in a different story, there is a mischevious band of brothers in jail "Span One". In the end he kills a kid, takes out the liver, prepares it and eats only to find that it tastes exactly the same as the one dropped by the bird. It was so nice he made it his mission to to find its source.
Tekayo was this herder who saw an eagle drop some kind of meat, which he took, prepared and ate. I just seen a name somewhere nikaikumbuka. The several short stories that were quite good.
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